TY - JOUR

T1 - Features of SARS-CoV-2 Replication in Various Types of Reptilian and Fish Cell Cultures

AU - Kononova, Yulia

AU - Adamenko, Lyubov

AU - Kazachkova, Evgeniya

AU - Solomatina, Mariya

AU - Romanenko, Svetlana

AU - Proskuryakova, Anastasia

AU - Utkin, Yaroslav

AU - Gulyaeva, Marina

AU - Spirina, Anastasia

AU - Kazachinskaia, Elena

AU - Palyanova, Natalia

AU - Mishchenko, Oksana

AU - Chepurnov, Alexander

AU - Shestopalov, Alexander

N1 - This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant 23-64-00005.

PY - 2023/12

Y1 - 2023/12

N2 - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 can enter the environment from the feces of COVID-19 patients and virus carriers through untreated sewage. The virus has shown the ability to adapt to a wide range of hosts, so the question of the possible involvement of aquafauna and animals of coastal ecosystems in maintaining its circulation remains open.METHODS: the aim of this work was to study the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 for cells of freshwater fish and reptiles, including those associated with aquatic and coastal ecosystems, and the effect of ambient temperature on this process. In a continuous cell culture FHM (fathead minnow) and diploid fibroblasts CGIB (silver carp), SARS-CoV-2 replication was not maintained at either 25 °C or 29 °C. At 29 °C, the continuous cell culture TH-1 (eastern box turtle) showed high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, comparable to Vero E6 (development of virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) and an infectious titer of 7.5 ± 0.17 log10 TCID50/mL on day 3 after infection), and primary fibroblasts CNI (Nile crocodile embryo) showed moderate susceptibility (no CPE, infectious titer 4.52 ± 0.14 log10 TCID50/mL on day 5 after infection). At 25 °C, SARS-CoV-2 infection did not develop in TH-1 and CNI.CONCLUSIONS: our results show the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to effectively replicate without adaptation in the cells of certain reptile species when the ambient temperature rises.

AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 can enter the environment from the feces of COVID-19 patients and virus carriers through untreated sewage. The virus has shown the ability to adapt to a wide range of hosts, so the question of the possible involvement of aquafauna and animals of coastal ecosystems in maintaining its circulation remains open.METHODS: the aim of this work was to study the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 for cells of freshwater fish and reptiles, including those associated with aquatic and coastal ecosystems, and the effect of ambient temperature on this process. In a continuous cell culture FHM (fathead minnow) and diploid fibroblasts CGIB (silver carp), SARS-CoV-2 replication was not maintained at either 25 °C or 29 °C. At 29 °C, the continuous cell culture TH-1 (eastern box turtle) showed high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, comparable to Vero E6 (development of virus-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) and an infectious titer of 7.5 ± 0.17 log10 TCID50/mL on day 3 after infection), and primary fibroblasts CNI (Nile crocodile embryo) showed moderate susceptibility (no CPE, infectious titer 4.52 ± 0.14 log10 TCID50/mL on day 5 after infection). At 25 °C, SARS-CoV-2 infection did not develop in TH-1 and CNI.CONCLUSIONS: our results show the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to effectively replicate without adaptation in the cells of certain reptile species when the ambient temperature rises.

KW - Animals

KW - Chlorocebus aethiops

KW - Humans

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - Vero Cells

KW - COVID-19

KW - Ecosystem

KW - Cell Culture Techniques

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180432468&origin=inward&txGid=6dcd98e316eee3a31c3d34691a362475

U2 - 10.3390/v15122350

DO - 10.3390/v15122350

M3 - Article

C2 - 38140591

VL - 15

JO - Viruses

JF - Viruses

SN - 1999-4915

IS - 12

M1 - 2350

ER -