TY - JOUR

T1 - Features of retinal neurogenesis as a key factor of age-related neurodegeneration: Myth or reality?

AU - Telegina, Darya V.

AU - Kozhevnikova, Oyuna S.

AU - Antonenko, Anna K.

AU - Kolosova, Nataliya G.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 21-15-00047. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2021/7/2

Y1 - 2021/7/2

N2 - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that constitutes the most common cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly in the developed countries. Incomplete knowledge about its pathogenesis prevents the search for effective methods of prevention and treatment of AMD, primarily of its “dry” type which is by far the most common (90% of all AMD cases). In the recent years, AMD has become “younger”: late stages of the disease are now detected in relatively young people. It is known that AMD pathogenesis—according to the age-related structural and functional changes in the retina—is linked with inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and an impairment of neurotrophic support, but the mechanisms that trigger the conversion of normal age-related changes to the pathological process as well as the reason for early AMD development remain unclear. In the adult mammalian retina, de novo neurogenesis is very limited. Therefore, the structural and functional features that arise during its maturation and formation can exert long-term effects on further ontogenesis of this tissue. The aim of this review was to discuss possible contributions of the changes/disturbances in retinal neurogenesis to the early development of AMD.

AB - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a complex multifactorial neurodegenerative disease that constitutes the most common cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly in the developed countries. Incomplete knowledge about its pathogenesis prevents the search for effective methods of prevention and treatment of AMD, primarily of its “dry” type which is by far the most common (90% of all AMD cases). In the recent years, AMD has become “younger”: late stages of the disease are now detected in relatively young people. It is known that AMD pathogenesis—according to the age-related structural and functional changes in the retina—is linked with inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and an impairment of neurotrophic support, but the mechanisms that trigger the conversion of normal age-related changes to the pathological process as well as the reason for early AMD development remain unclear. In the adult mammalian retina, de novo neurogenesis is very limited. Therefore, the structural and functional features that arise during its maturation and formation can exert long-term effects on further ontogenesis of this tissue. The aim of this review was to discuss possible contributions of the changes/disturbances in retinal neurogenesis to the early development of AMD.

KW - Aging

KW - AMD

KW - Development

KW - Neurodegeneration

KW - Neurogenesis

KW - Retina

KW - Transcription factor

KW - Aging/genetics

KW - Macular Degeneration/etiology

KW - Humans

KW - Retina/growth & development

KW - Transcription Factors/genetics

KW - Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics

KW - Neurogenesis/drug effects

KW - Animals

KW - Inflammation/genetics

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85109304029&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/ijms22147373

DO - 10.3390/ijms22147373

M3 - Review article

C2 - 34298993

AN - SCOPUS:85109304029

VL - 22

JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences

JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences

SN - 1661-6596

IS - 14

M1 - 7373

ER -