TY - JOUR

T1 - Real-time observation of self-interstitial reactions on an atomically smooth silicon surface

AU - Kosolobov, S.

AU - Nazarikov, G.

AU - Sitnikov, S.

AU - Pshenichnyuk, I.

AU - Fedina, L.

AU - Latyshev, A.

PY - 2019/9/1

Y1 - 2019/9/1

N2 - Self-diffusion and impurity diffusion both play crucial roles in the fabrication of semiconductor nanostructures with high surface-to-volume ratios. However, experimental studies of bulk-surface reactions of point defects in semiconductors are strongly hampered by extremely low concentrations and difficulties in the visualization of single point defects in the crystal lattice. Herein we report the first real-time experimental observation of the self-interstitial reactions on a large atomically smooth silicon surface. We show that non-equilibrium self-interstitials generated in silicon bulk during gold diffusion in the temperature range 860–1000 °C are annihilated at the (111)surface, producing the net mass flux of silicon from the bulk to the surface. The kinetics of the two-dimensional islands formed by self-interstitials are dominated by the reactions at the atomic step edges. The activation energy for the interaction of self-interstitials with the surface and energy barrier for gold penetration into the silicon bulk through the surface are estimated. These results demonstrating that surface morphology can be profoundly affected by surface-bulk reactions should have important implications for the development of nanoscale fabrication techniques.

AB - Self-diffusion and impurity diffusion both play crucial roles in the fabrication of semiconductor nanostructures with high surface-to-volume ratios. However, experimental studies of bulk-surface reactions of point defects in semiconductors are strongly hampered by extremely low concentrations and difficulties in the visualization of single point defects in the crystal lattice. Herein we report the first real-time experimental observation of the self-interstitial reactions on a large atomically smooth silicon surface. We show that non-equilibrium self-interstitials generated in silicon bulk during gold diffusion in the temperature range 860–1000 °C are annihilated at the (111)surface, producing the net mass flux of silicon from the bulk to the surface. The kinetics of the two-dimensional islands formed by self-interstitials are dominated by the reactions at the atomic step edges. The activation energy for the interaction of self-interstitials with the surface and energy barrier for gold penetration into the silicon bulk through the surface are estimated. These results demonstrating that surface morphology can be profoundly affected by surface-bulk reactions should have important implications for the development of nanoscale fabrication techniques.

KW - REFLECTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY

KW - STEP PERMEABILITY

KW - DOPANT DIFFUSION

KW - SI(111) SURFACE

KW - 2-DIMENSIONAL ISLANDS

KW - IN-SITU

KW - GOLD

KW - NUCLEATION

KW - GROWTH

KW - SUBLIMATION

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85065248135&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.susc.2019.04.008

DO - 10.1016/j.susc.2019.04.008

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85065248135

VL - 687

SP - 25

EP - 33

JO - Surface Science

JF - Surface Science

SN - 0039-6028

ER -