Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Antiviral photodynamic therapy: Inactivation and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro using methylene blue and Radachlorin. / Svyatchenko, Victor A.; Nikonov, Sergey D.; Mayorov, Alexander P. et al.
In: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Vol. 33, 102112, 03.2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Antiviral photodynamic therapy: Inactivation and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro using methylene blue and Radachlorin
AU - Svyatchenko, Victor A.
AU - Nikonov, Sergey D.
AU - Mayorov, Alexander P.
AU - Gelfond, Mark L.
AU - Loktev, Valery B.
N1 - Funding Information: The research was supported by the Novosibirsk State University, Russia; Institute of Laser Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy, Russia. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier B.V. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Introduction: Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally, necessitating the development of new methods for its prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiviral activity of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Methods: Vero E6 cells and SARS-CoV-2 isolated in Russia were used for PDT with methylene blue (MB) and Radachlorin. A continuous laser with wavelength λ = 662 nm in doses of 16 J/cm2 and 40 J/cm2 laser irradiation was used for PDT of a viral suspension and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. The direct cytopathogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated via light microscopy to calculate the TCID50 in the samples and perform statistical analysis. Results: Viral suspensions of SARS-CoV-2 that had a TCID50 greater than 103 were inactivated by PDT in the presence of MB and Radachlorin. Vero E6 cells were protected from 104 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 by PDT post infection. The range of protective concentrations was 1.0–10.0 μg/ml and 0.5–5.0 μg/ml for MB and Radachlorin, respectively. Additionally, it was found that MB and Radachlorin also possess significant antiviral activity even without PDT. The 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) against 102 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 was found to be 0.22 and 0.33 μg/mL with the addition of MB and Radachlorin, respectively, to cells concomitantly with virus, whereas in the case of applying the photosensitizers at 3.5 h post infection, the IC50 was 0.6 and 2.0 μg/mL for MB and Radachlorin, respectively. Conclusion: PDT shows high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when combined with MB and Radachlorin in vitro.
AB - Introduction: Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally, necessitating the development of new methods for its prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antiviral activity of photodynamic therapy (PDT) against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Methods: Vero E6 cells and SARS-CoV-2 isolated in Russia were used for PDT with methylene blue (MB) and Radachlorin. A continuous laser with wavelength λ = 662 nm in doses of 16 J/cm2 and 40 J/cm2 laser irradiation was used for PDT of a viral suspension and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. The direct cytopathogenic effect of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated via light microscopy to calculate the TCID50 in the samples and perform statistical analysis. Results: Viral suspensions of SARS-CoV-2 that had a TCID50 greater than 103 were inactivated by PDT in the presence of MB and Radachlorin. Vero E6 cells were protected from 104 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 by PDT post infection. The range of protective concentrations was 1.0–10.0 μg/ml and 0.5–5.0 μg/ml for MB and Radachlorin, respectively. Additionally, it was found that MB and Radachlorin also possess significant antiviral activity even without PDT. The 50 % inhibitory concentration (IC50) against 102 TCID50 of SARS-CoV-2 was found to be 0.22 and 0.33 μg/mL with the addition of MB and Radachlorin, respectively, to cells concomitantly with virus, whereas in the case of applying the photosensitizers at 3.5 h post infection, the IC50 was 0.6 and 2.0 μg/mL for MB and Radachlorin, respectively. Conclusion: PDT shows high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when combined with MB and Radachlorin in vitro.
KW - Antiviral photodynamic therapy
KW - COVID-19
KW - Methylene blue
KW - Radachlorin
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Chlorocebus aethiops
KW - SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
KW - Photochemotherapy/methods
KW - Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology
KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
KW - Animals
KW - Microbiological Techniques
KW - Methylene Blue/pharmacology
KW - Vero Cells
KW - Drug Combinations
KW - Porphyrins
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102967088&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102112
DO - 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102112
M3 - Article
C2 - 33249118
AN - SCOPUS:85102967088
VL - 33
JO - Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
JF - Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
SN - 1572-1000
M1 - 102112
ER -
ID: 28158980