TY - JOUR

T1 - The Effect of Flame-Retardant Additives DDM-DOPO and Graphene on Flame Propagation over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin under the Influence of External Thermal Radiation

AU - Korobeinichev, Oleg P

AU - Sosnin, Egor A

AU - Shaklein, Artem A

AU - Karpov, Alexander I

AU - Sagitov, Albert R

AU - Trubachev, Stanislav A

AU - Shmakov, Andrey G

AU - Paletsky, Alexander A

AU - Kulikov, Ilya V

N1 - Funding: This research was funded by Russian Science Foundation, grant number 20-19-00295.

PY - 2023/7/1

Y1 - 2023/7/1

N2 - The flammability of various materials used in industry is an important issue in the modern world. This work is devoted to the study of the effect of flame retardants, graphene and DDM-DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-4,4'-diamino-diphenyl methane), on the flammability of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER). Samples were made without additives and with additives of fire retardants: graphene and DDM-DOPO in various proportions. To study the flammability of the samples, standard flammability tests were carried out, such as thermogravimetric analysis, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, and cone calorimetry. In addition, in order to test the effectiveness of fire retardants under real fire conditions, for the first time, the thermal structure of downward flame propagation over GFRER composites was measured using thin thermocouples. For the first time, the measured thermal structure of the flame was compared with the results of numerical simulations of flame propagation over GFRER.

AB - The flammability of various materials used in industry is an important issue in the modern world. This work is devoted to the study of the effect of flame retardants, graphene and DDM-DOPO (9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide-4,4'-diamino-diphenyl methane), on the flammability of glass-fiber-reinforced epoxy resin (GFRER). Samples were made without additives and with additives of fire retardants: graphene and DDM-DOPO in various proportions. To study the flammability of the samples, standard flammability tests were carried out, such as thermogravimetric analysis, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, and cone calorimetry. In addition, in order to test the effectiveness of fire retardants under real fire conditions, for the first time, the thermal structure of downward flame propagation over GFRER composites was measured using thin thermocouples. For the first time, the measured thermal structure of the flame was compared with the results of numerical simulations of flame propagation over GFRER.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85164846024&origin=inward&txGid=e8c44991668bf741b9674c8a8730253a

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/fc5b0856-806d-3f9a-8c50-b879cb6a3bc9/

U2 - 10.3390/molecules28135162

DO - 10.3390/molecules28135162

M3 - Article

C2 - 37446824

VL - 28

JO - Molecules

JF - Molecules

SN - 1420-3049

IS - 13

M1 - 5162

ER -