TY - JOUR

T1 - Parahydrogen-Based Hyperpolarization for Biomedicine

AU - Hövener, Jan Bernd

AU - Pravdivtsev, Andrey N.

AU - Kidd, Bryce

AU - Bowers, C. Russell

AU - Glöggler, Stefan

AU - Kovtunov, Kirill V.

AU - Plaumann, Markus

AU - Katz-Brull, Rachel

AU - Buckenmaier, Kai

AU - Jerschow, Alexej

AU - Reineri, Francesca

AU - Theis, Thomas

AU - Shchepin, Roman V.

AU - Wagner, Shawn

AU - Bhattacharya, Pratip

AU - Zacharias, Niki M.

AU - Chekmenev, Eduard Y.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Prof. Warren S. Warren, Prof. Boyd M. Goodson, Dr. Panayiotis Nikolaou, Prof. Silvio Aime, Prof. Igor V. Koptyug, Dr. Ute Bommerich, and Prof. Klaus Scheffler for stimulating discussions, preparing some sections of this manuscript, proof-reading the text, and preparation of some graphics. We thank Evan W. Zhao for providing the data in Figure 2A. We thank the following awards for funding support: NSF CHE-1416268, CHE-1836308, and CHE-1416432 (E.Y.C., B.M.G.), NSF CHE 1665090, CHE- 1507230 (C.R.B.), CHE-1607305 (Wenyu Huang), NIH 1R21CA220137, 1R21EB020323 (E.Y.C., B.M.G.) and 1U01CA202229 (E.Y.C.), DOD CDMRP BRP W81XWH-12-1-0159/BC112431 (E.Y.C.), PRMRP W81XWH-15-1-0271 and W81XWH-15-1-0272 (E.Y.C., B.M.G.), ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company Knowledge Build (E.Y.C.). K.V.K. thanks the Russian Science Foundation (grant 17–73–20030) for their support of MRI experiments with propane. I.V.K. thanks the RFBR (grant 17–54–33037). S.G. would like to thank the Max-Planck-Society for funding. A.J. acknowledges funding from the US National Science Foundation under award CHE 1710046. J.-B.H. acknowledges support from the Emmy Noether programme of the DFG (HO 4604/2-1 and 4604/2-2), Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft, Cluster of Excellence EXC 306, and the European Union≫s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 642773 “EUROPOL”, the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Kiel, and the inflammation at interfaces cluster of excellence. P.B. and N.M.Z. thank National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (P50 CA 094056-14, U54 CA151668, R21CA185536), Koch Foundation, John S. Dunn foundation, Department of Defense (CDMRP PC110065), Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT-RP 150701), Pancreatic Cancer Action Network (16–65-BHAT). F.R. acknowledges the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC, 2015 TRIDEO call) and the Compagnia di San Paolo (Athenaeum Research 2016). Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

PY - 2018/8/27

Y1 - 2018/8/27

N2 - Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this “spin order on demand” allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2-based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.

AB - Magnetic resonance (MR) is one of the most versatile and useful physical effects used for human imaging, chemical analysis, and the elucidation of molecular structures. However, its full potential is rarely used, because only a small fraction of the nuclear spin ensemble is polarized, that is, aligned with the applied static magnetic field. Hyperpolarization methods seek other means to increase the polarization and thus the MR signal. A unique source of pure spin order is the entangled singlet spin state of dihydrogen, parahydrogen (pH2), which is inherently stable and long-lived. When brought into contact with another molecule, this “spin order on demand” allows the MR signal to be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. Considerable progress has been made in the past decade in the area of pH2-based hyperpolarization techniques for biomedical applications. It is the goal of this Review to provide a selective overview of these developments, covering the areas of spin physics, catalysis, instrumentation, preparation of the contrast agents, and applications.

KW - hyperpolarization

KW - magnetic resonance imaging

KW - NMR spectroscopy

KW - parahydrogen

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85051753174&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1002/anie.201711842

DO - 10.1002/anie.201711842

M3 - Review article

C2 - 29484795

AN - SCOPUS:85051753174

VL - 57

SP - 11140

EP - 11162

JO - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition

JF - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition

SN - 1433-7851

IS - 35

ER -