TY - JOUR

T1 - Oncolytic Paramyxoviruses

T2 - Mechanism of Action, Preclinical and Clinical Studies

AU - Matveeva, O. V.

AU - Kochneva, G. V.

AU - Zainutdinov, S. S.

AU - Ilyinskaya, G. V.

AU - Chumakov, P. M.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2018, Pleiades Publishing, Inc.

PY - 2018/5/1

Y1 - 2018/5/1

N2 - Preclinical studies demonstrate that a broad spectrum of human and animal malignant cells can be killed by oncolytic paramyxoviruses, which includes cells of ecto-, endo- and mesodermal origin. In clinical trials, significant reduction or even complete elimination of primary tumors and established metastases has been reported. Different routes of virus administration (intratumoral, intravenous, intradermal, intraperitoneal, or intrapleural) and single- vs. multiple-dose administration schemes have been explored. The reported side effects were grades 1 and 2, with the most common among them being mild fever. There are certain advantages in using paramyxoviruses as oncolytic agents compared to members of other virus families exist. Thanks to cytoplasmic replication, paramyxoviruses do not integrate the host genome or engage in recombination, which makes them safer and more attractive candidates for widely used therapeutic oncolysis than retroviruses or some DNA viruses. The list of oncolytic Paramyxoviridae members includes the attenuated measles virus, mumps virus, low pathogenic Newcastle disease, and Sendai viruses. Metastatic cancer cells frequently overexpress certain surface molecules that can serve as receptors for oncolytic paramyxoviruses. This promotes specific viral attachment to these malignant cells. Paramyxoviruses are capable of inducing efficient syncytium-mediated lysis of cancer cells and elicit strong immune stimulation, which dramatically enforces anticancer immune surveillance. In general, preclinical studies and phases I–III of clinical trials yield very encouraging results and warrant continued research of oncolytic paramyxoviruses as a particularly valuable addition to the existing panel of cancer-fighting approaches.

AB - Preclinical studies demonstrate that a broad spectrum of human and animal malignant cells can be killed by oncolytic paramyxoviruses, which includes cells of ecto-, endo- and mesodermal origin. In clinical trials, significant reduction or even complete elimination of primary tumors and established metastases has been reported. Different routes of virus administration (intratumoral, intravenous, intradermal, intraperitoneal, or intrapleural) and single- vs. multiple-dose administration schemes have been explored. The reported side effects were grades 1 and 2, with the most common among them being mild fever. There are certain advantages in using paramyxoviruses as oncolytic agents compared to members of other virus families exist. Thanks to cytoplasmic replication, paramyxoviruses do not integrate the host genome or engage in recombination, which makes them safer and more attractive candidates for widely used therapeutic oncolysis than retroviruses or some DNA viruses. The list of oncolytic Paramyxoviridae members includes the attenuated measles virus, mumps virus, low pathogenic Newcastle disease, and Sendai viruses. Metastatic cancer cells frequently overexpress certain surface molecules that can serve as receptors for oncolytic paramyxoviruses. This promotes specific viral attachment to these malignant cells. Paramyxoviruses are capable of inducing efficient syncytium-mediated lysis of cancer cells and elicit strong immune stimulation, which dramatically enforces anticancer immune surveillance. In general, preclinical studies and phases I–III of clinical trials yield very encouraging results and warrant continued research of oncolytic paramyxoviruses as a particularly valuable addition to the existing panel of cancer-fighting approaches.

KW - anticancer immunity

KW - anticancer mechanism

KW - cancer therapy

KW - mumps virus

KW - Newcastle disease virus

KW - oncolytic paramyxoviruses

KW - Sendai virus

KW - therapy of malignant tumors

KW - vaccine strain of measles virus

KW - viral oncolysis

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048616617&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35717765

U2 - 10.1134/S002689331803010X

DO - 10.1134/S002689331803010X

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85048616617

VL - 52

SP - 306

EP - 322

JO - Molecular Biology

JF - Molecular Biology

SN - 0026-8933

IS - 3

ER -