TY - JOUR

T1 - Numerical study of slurry fuel atomization processes based on the Coanda effect in a pneumatic nozzle

AU - Kuznetsov, V. A.

AU - Bozheeva, D. M.

AU - Minakov, A. V.

AU - Dekterev, A. A.

AU - Maltsev, L. I.

N1 - The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant No 25–79–30002, https://rscf.ru/project/25–79–30002/.

PY - 2026/6/1

Y1 - 2026/6/1

N2 - An important stage of thermal processing of suspension fuel (based on organic fuel) is the process of its atomization. Liquid fuel atomization is a complex process of movement and interaction of a multiphase medium, depending on a multitude of interconnected parameters of the fuel and medium, hydrodynamic effects, and the type of nozzle device. To effectively apply such technologies in practice and correctly determine spray parameters, there is a need for their detailed study. To describe the spraying processes, a numerical technique based on the VOF-DPM (ELSA) model and the DES turbulence modeling method was proposed. The numerical method was verified based on experimental data (flow velocity, droplet distribution, spray angle). The novelty of the work lies in the development of a method for numerical modeling of the primary atomization of high-viscosity suspension fuels in a flow with shock waves in a pneumatic nozzle with the Coanda effect. Numerical studies of the influence of the ratio of jet impulses on the formation of gas-droplet flow and spray parameters were carried out. The analysis of the results of modeling the process of spraying suspended fuel in a promising nozzle device at different air pressures and different liquid flow rates was carried out. The dependence of the structure of the multiphase flow inside the nozzle and the spray processes on the ratio of the forces of the counter-jets (liquid and gas-droplet) has been established. Based on the calculation results, it was established that for pressures above 3 bar, the formation of Mach disks is observed. It is shown that the speed of the reverse jet (cumulative type) increases from 125 to 160 m/s with an increase in pressure from 1 to 6 bar (at a fixed fuel consumption of 180 kg/h). It is shown that at a pressure of 3 bar, the critical fuel consumption will be 900 kg/hour. Analysis of the calculation results showed that the maximum axial velocity of suspension fuel droplets is 15–19 % less than the gas velocity (in the negative and positive velocity range).

AB - An important stage of thermal processing of suspension fuel (based on organic fuel) is the process of its atomization. Liquid fuel atomization is a complex process of movement and interaction of a multiphase medium, depending on a multitude of interconnected parameters of the fuel and medium, hydrodynamic effects, and the type of nozzle device. To effectively apply such technologies in practice and correctly determine spray parameters, there is a need for their detailed study. To describe the spraying processes, a numerical technique based on the VOF-DPM (ELSA) model and the DES turbulence modeling method was proposed. The numerical method was verified based on experimental data (flow velocity, droplet distribution, spray angle). The novelty of the work lies in the development of a method for numerical modeling of the primary atomization of high-viscosity suspension fuels in a flow with shock waves in a pneumatic nozzle with the Coanda effect. Numerical studies of the influence of the ratio of jet impulses on the formation of gas-droplet flow and spray parameters were carried out. The analysis of the results of modeling the process of spraying suspended fuel in a promising nozzle device at different air pressures and different liquid flow rates was carried out. The dependence of the structure of the multiphase flow inside the nozzle and the spray processes on the ratio of the forces of the counter-jets (liquid and gas-droplet) has been established. Based on the calculation results, it was established that for pressures above 3 bar, the formation of Mach disks is observed. It is shown that the speed of the reverse jet (cumulative type) increases from 125 to 160 m/s with an increase in pressure from 1 to 6 bar (at a fixed fuel consumption of 180 kg/h). It is shown that at a pressure of 3 bar, the critical fuel consumption will be 900 kg/hour. Analysis of the calculation results showed that the maximum axial velocity of suspension fuel droplets is 15–19 % less than the gas velocity (in the negative and positive velocity range).

KW - CFD

KW - Coanda effect

KW - ELSA (VOF to DPM)

KW - Gas-liquid flow

KW - Mach disks

KW - Pneumatic nozzle

KW - Primary and secondary breakup

KW - Spray

KW - Suspension fuel

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029020848

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/d1cb60da-61fb-345d-b2b1-057d2faa80fb/

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128459

DO - 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128459

M3 - Article

VL - 260

JO - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

JF - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

SN - 0017-9310

M1 - 128459

ER -