TY - JOUR

T1 - Generation of American mink induced pluripotent stem cells

T2 - A protocol

AU - Pristyazhnyuk, I. E.

AU - Menzorov, A. G.

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Mammalian genome reprogramming has been studied for more than half a century. First, Sir John Gurdon showed the possibility of differentiated cell genome reprogramming by enucleated oocyte factors in 1962. Dr. Shinya Yamanaka produced induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse fibroblasts by the use of just four transcription factors in 2006: Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc. Generation of iPS cells put a question about the reprogramming completeness: do genes derived from fibroblasts retain their expression? And are the features of iPS cells in compliance with those of embryonic stem (ES) cells that serve as a standard? To date, iPS cells have been produced for tens of species, while ES cells, for less than twenty. In 1993 American mink (Neovison vison) ES cells were produced in the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. That created a unique opportunity for comparison of induced and embryo-derived pluripotent cells. In 2015 we produced American mink iPS cells and showed fibroblast genome reprogramming at the level of gene expression and divided genes into four groups: reprogrammed, with intermediate expression, non-reprogrammed, and the ones with a "novel" expression pattern. Thus, an opportunity to study pluripotency and differentiation on two pluripotent cell types, ES and iPS cells, was added for one more species. In this article we present a detailed protocol for generation of American mink iPS cells with human OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-MYC genes. In addition, we briefly describe necessary methods for their analysis: morphology, cytogenetic analysis, PCR with reverse transcription for the presence of pluripotency "marker" genes, and teratoma formation test in immunodeficient mice. This protocol allows reliable and efficient generation of American mink iPS cells from embryonic fibroblasts.

AB - Mammalian genome reprogramming has been studied for more than half a century. First, Sir John Gurdon showed the possibility of differentiated cell genome reprogramming by enucleated oocyte factors in 1962. Dr. Shinya Yamanaka produced induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from mouse fibroblasts by the use of just four transcription factors in 2006: Oct4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc. Generation of iPS cells put a question about the reprogramming completeness: do genes derived from fibroblasts retain their expression? And are the features of iPS cells in compliance with those of embryonic stem (ES) cells that serve as a standard? To date, iPS cells have been produced for tens of species, while ES cells, for less than twenty. In 1993 American mink (Neovison vison) ES cells were produced in the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. That created a unique opportunity for comparison of induced and embryo-derived pluripotent cells. In 2015 we produced American mink iPS cells and showed fibroblast genome reprogramming at the level of gene expression and divided genes into four groups: reprogrammed, with intermediate expression, non-reprogrammed, and the ones with a "novel" expression pattern. Thus, an opportunity to study pluripotency and differentiation on two pluripotent cell types, ES and iPS cells, was added for one more species. In this article we present a detailed protocol for generation of American mink iPS cells with human OCT4, KLF4, SOX2, and c-MYC genes. In addition, we briefly describe necessary methods for their analysis: morphology, cytogenetic analysis, PCR with reverse transcription for the presence of pluripotency "marker" genes, and teratoma formation test in immunodeficient mice. This protocol allows reliable and efficient generation of American mink iPS cells from embryonic fibroblasts.

KW - American mink

KW - IPS cells

KW - Neovison vison

KW - Pluripotency

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85037638945&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.18699/VJ17.288

DO - 10.18699/VJ17.288

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85037638945

VL - 21

SP - 701

EP - 709

JO - Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

JF - Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

SN - 2500-0462

IS - 6

ER -