TY - JOUR

T1 - Exosomal Cargo in Ovarian Cancer Dissemination

AU - Dzhugashvili, Ekaterina

AU - Tamkovich, Svetlana

N1 - The study was supported by the Russian state budget project via the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia No. 121030200173-6 “Diagnostics and therapy of oncological diseases”.

PY - 2023/12/7

Y1 - 2023/12/7

N2 - Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among all gynecologic cancers and is characterized by early peritoneal spread. The growth and development of OC are associated with the formation of ascitic fluid, creating a unique tumor microenvironment. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression is crucial in identifying new diagnostic biomarkers and developing novel therapeutic strategies. Exosomes, lipid bilayer vesicles measuring 30-150 nm in size, are known to establish a crucial link between malignant cells and their microenvironment. Additionally, the confirmed involvement of exosomes in carcinogenesis enables them to mediate the invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Functionally active non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circRNAs), proteins, and lipid rafts transported within exosomes can activate numerous signaling pathways and modify gene expression. This review aims to expand our understanding of the role of exosomes and their contents in OC carcinogenesis processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry, tumor cell proliferation, and peritoneal spread. It also discusses the potential for utilizing exosomal cargo to develop novel "liquid biopsy" biomarkers for early OC diagnosis.

AB - Ovarian cancer (OC) has the highest mortality rate among all gynecologic cancers and is characterized by early peritoneal spread. The growth and development of OC are associated with the formation of ascitic fluid, creating a unique tumor microenvironment. Understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression is crucial in identifying new diagnostic biomarkers and developing novel therapeutic strategies. Exosomes, lipid bilayer vesicles measuring 30-150 nm in size, are known to establish a crucial link between malignant cells and their microenvironment. Additionally, the confirmed involvement of exosomes in carcinogenesis enables them to mediate the invasion, migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Functionally active non-coding RNAs (such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circRNAs), proteins, and lipid rafts transported within exosomes can activate numerous signaling pathways and modify gene expression. This review aims to expand our understanding of the role of exosomes and their contents in OC carcinogenesis processes such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry, tumor cell proliferation, and peritoneal spread. It also discusses the potential for utilizing exosomal cargo to develop novel "liquid biopsy" biomarkers for early OC diagnosis.

KW - exosomal cargo

KW - exosomes

KW - liquid biopsy

KW - microRNA

KW - ovarian cancer

KW - proteins

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85180243539&origin=inward&txGid=65f29610290bb6e8be7ba5fcc492e85b

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/610a90be-d38e-349f-a840-69e00193d13a/

U2 - 10.3390/cimb45120615

DO - 10.3390/cimb45120615

M3 - Review article

C2 - 38132461

VL - 45

SP - 9851

EP - 9867

JO - Current issues in molecular biology

JF - Current issues in molecular biology

SN - 1467-3037

IS - 12

ER -