TY - JOUR

T1 - Do Sputnik V Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Protect Against Seasonal Coronaviruses? Case Study

AU - Koryukov, Maksim

AU - Kechin, Andrey

AU - Shamovskaya, Darya

AU - Timofeeva, Anna

AU - Filipenko, Maxim

N1 - Funding Information: The study was supported under the Russian State-funded budget project 1750-20/1755-21. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2022 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

PY - 2022/3

Y1 - 2022/3

N2 - There are hundreds of coronaviruses, most of which circulate among animals, yet there are seven types that infect humans. Three of them can cause severe acute respiratory illness - SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV. Other HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1 usually cause only mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections. These four coronaviruses are called seasonal, because they are continuously circulating among human population and are responsible for up to 30% of all respiratory tract infections. Genetically, these low-pathogenic types are related to SARS-CoV-2. That is why questions concerning the cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization between antibodies against different types of coronaviruses have been raised. We addressed these questions by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). We established the upper respiratory infection etiology for three patients who had been vaccinated with Sputnik V and tested positive on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The symptoms included sore throat, nasal congestion, and myalgia. Their blood serum was analyzed for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in dynamics: before vaccination, and after the first and second dose of the vaccine. After the second dose, all patients were positive for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The targeted NGS panel sequencing data analysis showed that these patients were infected with common coronavirus HCoV-OC43. These results suggest that S protein-targeted vaccine-induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are not protective against seasonal coronavirus HCoV-OC43.

AB - There are hundreds of coronaviruses, most of which circulate among animals, yet there are seven types that infect humans. Three of them can cause severe acute respiratory illness - SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV. Other HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1 usually cause only mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections. These four coronaviruses are called seasonal, because they are continuously circulating among human population and are responsible for up to 30% of all respiratory tract infections. Genetically, these low-pathogenic types are related to SARS-CoV-2. That is why questions concerning the cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization between antibodies against different types of coronaviruses have been raised. We addressed these questions by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS). We established the upper respiratory infection etiology for three patients who had been vaccinated with Sputnik V and tested positive on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The symptoms included sore throat, nasal congestion, and myalgia. Their blood serum was analyzed for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in dynamics: before vaccination, and after the first and second dose of the vaccine. After the second dose, all patients were positive for IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The targeted NGS panel sequencing data analysis showed that these patients were infected with common coronavirus HCoV-OC43. These results suggest that S protein-targeted vaccine-induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are not protective against seasonal coronavirus HCoV-OC43.

KW - coronavirus

KW - cross-neutralization

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - Sputnik V

KW - vaccine

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85127613898&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1089/vim.2021.0157

DO - 10.1089/vim.2021.0157

M3 - Article

C2 - 35143357

AN - SCOPUS:85127613898

VL - 35

SP - 138

EP - 141

JO - Viral Immunology

JF - Viral Immunology

SN - 0882-8245

IS - 2

ER -