TY - JOUR

T1 - Certification of Samples in the Bioresource Collection USU 44053 CSBG SB RAS Using Digital Seed Library and Cytological and Genetic Methods

AU - Vasilyeva, Olga Yu

AU - Vyshegurov, Sultan Kh

AU - Kozlova, Margarita V.

AU - Agafonov, Alexander V.

AU - Dorogina, Olga V.

N1 - This study was conducted within the framework of state assignments for Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS (project “Analysis of biodiversity, conservation and restoration of rare and resource plant species using experimental methods”, No. AAAA21–121011290025–2) and with the financial support of the FSUS‑2021–0012 project “Ecosystems of grass pine and small‑leaved forests as regulators of nitrogen and carbon balance in the forest‑steppe landscape of Western Siberia”. The materials of the bioresource scientific collection of the CSBG SB RAS – USU 44053 “Collections of living plants in open and closed ground” were used in the experiments.

PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - One of the current trends in research of botanical institutions is the creation of bioresource collections, which are used in scientific experiments, applied research, and education. In the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG SB RAS), the bioresource collection USU 44053 is used not only for scientific research, but also for the training of bachelors and masters of biological and agricultural sciences. The purpose of the present work is to describe research methods employed in the CSBG SB RAS to certify resources and characterize specimens in bioresource collections of rare and economically valuable plants using modern molecular genetic approaches and digital technologies. The characterization of collection specimens is based on the most permanent features such as morphometric parameters of seeds. Micrographs of the digital seed library make it possible to describe the morphological features of seeds and carry out statistical processing of morphometric parameters using a Carl Zeiss Stereo Discovery V12 stereomicroscope with an AxioCam MRc-5 high-resolution digital sensor (AxioVision 4.8 software). In the work with the digital seed library, descriptive-morphological and statistical methods of data processing are used. To date, the digital library of the CSBG has more than 280 accessions, the species of the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, and Solanaceae being the most diversely represented in it. The data on the morphology and morphometry of seeds of the species belonging to the families Amaranthaceae, Begoniaceae, Capparaceae, Hydrophyllaseae, Onagraceae, Paeoniaceae, Papaveraceae, Polemoniáceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Verbenaceae are also used in the educational process. Additional characterization is provided by microphotographs of karyotypes, which reveal chromosome races among representatives of intraspecific diversity. Storage proteins of mature seeds are the most convenient markers for studying intra- and interspecific variability and specifying taxonomic diversity, for related species as well. Therefore, electrophoretic analysis of the composition of seed storage proteins is an effective method for characterizing plant genotypes included in the bioresource collections. An important characteristic of the samples included in bioresource collections is the description of their reproductive systems, in particular, seed formation under different pollination modes. Electrophoretic analysis used to identify the types of seed reproduction in perennial grasses of the Triticeae tribe showed that in all species of Elymus L., the spectra of sister grains were highly identical, supporting the idea of self-pollination being the main reproduction type of the species of this genus. By contrast, in Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., the spectra of the seeds of the same plant showed high heterogeneity, indicating cross-pollination and multiple allelism in the genes that control prolamin proteins.

AB - One of the current trends in research of botanical institutions is the creation of bioresource collections, which are used in scientific experiments, applied research, and education. In the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (CSBG SB RAS), the bioresource collection USU 44053 is used not only for scientific research, but also for the training of bachelors and masters of biological and agricultural sciences. The purpose of the present work is to describe research methods employed in the CSBG SB RAS to certify resources and characterize specimens in bioresource collections of rare and economically valuable plants using modern molecular genetic approaches and digital technologies. The characterization of collection specimens is based on the most permanent features such as morphometric parameters of seeds. Micrographs of the digital seed library make it possible to describe the morphological features of seeds and carry out statistical processing of morphometric parameters using a Carl Zeiss Stereo Discovery V12 stereomicroscope with an AxioCam MRc-5 high-resolution digital sensor (AxioVision 4.8 software). In the work with the digital seed library, descriptive-morphological and statistical methods of data processing are used. To date, the digital library of the CSBG has more than 280 accessions, the species of the families Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, and Solanaceae being the most diversely represented in it. The data on the morphology and morphometry of seeds of the species belonging to the families Amaranthaceae, Begoniaceae, Capparaceae, Hydrophyllaseae, Onagraceae, Paeoniaceae, Papaveraceae, Polemoniáceae, Scrophulariaceae, and Verbenaceae are also used in the educational process. Additional characterization is provided by microphotographs of karyotypes, which reveal chromosome races among representatives of intraspecific diversity. Storage proteins of mature seeds are the most convenient markers for studying intra- and interspecific variability and specifying taxonomic diversity, for related species as well. Therefore, electrophoretic analysis of the composition of seed storage proteins is an effective method for characterizing plant genotypes included in the bioresource collections. An important characteristic of the samples included in bioresource collections is the description of their reproductive systems, in particular, seed formation under different pollination modes. Electrophoretic analysis used to identify the types of seed reproduction in perennial grasses of the Triticeae tribe showed that in all species of Elymus L., the spectra of sister grains were highly identical, supporting the idea of self-pollination being the main reproduction type of the species of this genus. By contrast, in Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn., the spectra of the seeds of the same plant showed high heterogeneity, indicating cross-pollination and multiple allelism in the genes that control prolamin proteins.

KW - Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn

KW - Elymus L

KW - Elytrigia geniculata (Trin.) Nevski

KW - Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski

KW - Hordeum jubatum L

KW - Hordeum vulgare L

KW - Matthiola incana (L.) Aiton

KW - Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski

KW - Salvia splendens Sellow ex Schult

KW - bioresource collection

KW - digital seed library

KW - karyotype

KW - storage protein electrophoresis

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85171550127&origin=inward&txGid=eef2eed92434fcac26d7ed2fa55f02aa

UR - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=50440385

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/09ed6c43-6824-3499-a5d5-a27504383a88/

M3 - Article

VL - 16

SP - 24

EP - 40

JO - Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Серия: Биология

JF - Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Серия: Биология

SN - 1997-1389

IS - 1

ER -