TY - JOUR

T1 - Assembly of galvinoxyl doped in polymer-fullerene photovoltaic blends

AU - Uvarov, Mikhail N

AU - Kulik, Leonid V

AU - Dzuba, Sergei A

N1 - This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project # 23-73-00072). S.A.D. acknowledges basic support from the Ministry of Science and Education of RF, project # AAAA-A21-121011390038-1.

PY - 2023/10/4

Y1 - 2023/10/4

N2 - Galvinoxyl (Gx) is a stable free radical used as a dopant in active layers of organic solar cells. Here, the nanoscale arrangement of Gx molecules in a composite of the PCDTBT polymer and modified C60 fullerene, PCBM, was studied using a two-pulse electron spin echo (ESE) technique. The results show that the Gx molecules assemble into clusters, which can be described by the model of 8 molecules on the surface of a sphere with a radius of 2.0 nm. Such a structure can arise due to the octahedral packing of 6 PCBM molecules surrounded by 8 Gx molecules. ESE decays also indicate that these clusters repel each other, forming a quasi-regular nanostructure in the matrix. The Gx concentration of 2 wt% at which clusters appear correlates with the literature data on the Gx-induced enhancement of photocurrent, which provides structural insight into the possible molecular mechanism of this enhancement.

AB - Galvinoxyl (Gx) is a stable free radical used as a dopant in active layers of organic solar cells. Here, the nanoscale arrangement of Gx molecules in a composite of the PCDTBT polymer and modified C60 fullerene, PCBM, was studied using a two-pulse electron spin echo (ESE) technique. The results show that the Gx molecules assemble into clusters, which can be described by the model of 8 molecules on the surface of a sphere with a radius of 2.0 nm. Such a structure can arise due to the octahedral packing of 6 PCBM molecules surrounded by 8 Gx molecules. ESE decays also indicate that these clusters repel each other, forming a quasi-regular nanostructure in the matrix. The Gx concentration of 2 wt% at which clusters appear correlates with the literature data on the Gx-induced enhancement of photocurrent, which provides structural insight into the possible molecular mechanism of this enhancement.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85172935353&origin=inward&txGid=f7e9062a1c2e7f6be25370c5dc647670

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/1bf771d7-888e-36ca-a83d-d314bd6428aa/

U2 - 10.1039/d3cp02513f

DO - 10.1039/d3cp02513f

M3 - Article

C2 - 37740340

VL - 25

SP - 26219

EP - 26224

JO - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

JF - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

SN - 1463-9076

IS - 38

ER -