TY - JOUR

T1 - A simple model of time-dependent ionization in Type IIP supernova envelopes

AU - Potashov, M.

AU - Yudin, A.

PY - 2020/1/1

Y1 - 2020/1/1

N2 - We propose a model kinetic system of the hydrogen atom (two levels plus continuum) under the conditions typical for atmospheres of Type IIP supernovae in the plateau stage. Despite the simplicity of this system, it describes realistically the basic properties of the complete system. Analysis shows that the ionization 'freeze-out' effect is always manifest at large times. We give a simple criterion for checking the statistical equilibrium of a system under the given conditions at any time. It is shown that if the system is in non-equilibrium at early times, the time-dependent effect of ionization necessarily exists. We also generalize this criterion to the case of arbitrary multilevel systems. We discuss various factors that affect the strength of the time-dependent effect in the kinetics during the photospheric phase of a supernova explosion.

AB - We propose a model kinetic system of the hydrogen atom (two levels plus continuum) under the conditions typical for atmospheres of Type IIP supernovae in the plateau stage. Despite the simplicity of this system, it describes realistically the basic properties of the complete system. Analysis shows that the ionization 'freeze-out' effect is always manifest at large times. We give a simple criterion for checking the statistical equilibrium of a system under the given conditions at any time. It is shown that if the system is in non-equilibrium at early times, the time-dependent effect of ionization necessarily exists. We also generalize this criterion to the case of arbitrary multilevel systems. We discuss various factors that affect the strength of the time-dependent effect in the kinetics during the photospheric phase of a supernova explosion.

KW - Atomic processes

KW - Methods: analytical

KW - Stars: atmospheres

KW - Supernovae: general

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079620525&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stz3152

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz3152

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85079620525

VL - 491

SP - 2674

EP - 2687

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 2

ER -