TY - JOUR

T1 - Symmetric controlled-Z gate for ultracold neutral atoms based on counterdiabatic driving at Rydberg excitation

AU - Beterov, I. I.

AU - Kozenko, K. V.

AU - Ryabtsev, I. I.

AU - Xu, Peng

N1 - Symmetric controlled- Z gate for ultracold neutral atoms based on counterdiabatic driving at Rydberg excitation / I. I. Beterov, K. V. Kozenko, I. I. Ryabtsev, P. Xu // Physical Review A. – 2026. – Vol. 113, No. 4. – P. 042614. – DOI 10.1103/g6sw-w48t. – EDN QFAYMK. This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 23-42-00031 in part of design of the counterdiabatic gate protocol. The numerical optimization of gate protocols was supported by the Foundation for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics and Mathematics “BASIS”. P.X. acknowledges financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No. 2021YFA1402001 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 12261131507.

PY - 2026/4/14

Y1 - 2026/4/14

N2 - We designed a scheme for a neutral atom Rydberg blockade controlled-Z (CZ) gate based on the double sequence of adiabatic pulses applied symmetrically to both atoms and using counterdiabatic driving for Rydberg excitation. This provides a substantial reduction in the quantum gate operation time compared with previously proposed double adiabatic schemes, and makes our scheme competitive with modern time-optimal protocols for high-fidelity entangling gates with neutral atoms. Our approach creates a bridge between fully adiabatic and time-optimal gate schemes. The use of adiabatic passage reduces the sensitivity of gate fidelity to variations in laser intensity, while counterdiabatic driving provides short gate times. The intensity and phase profiles of the laser pulse acting on the atoms are described analytically depending only on the gate duration. We demonstrated the applicability of this scheme for single-photon and two-photon schemes of Rydberg excitation in rubidium and cesium atoms, and, for the first time, discussed the implementation of a CZ gate using three-photon excitation of rubidium atoms. In contrast with many modern CZ gate protocols, our scheme does not generate intrinsic single-qubit phase shifts, although they still appear in two-photon configuration. We also designed a numerically optimized amplitude-robust gate with an analytically defined phase profile of the laser pulse and compared its performance with the counterdiabatic gate scheme.

AB - We designed a scheme for a neutral atom Rydberg blockade controlled-Z (CZ) gate based on the double sequence of adiabatic pulses applied symmetrically to both atoms and using counterdiabatic driving for Rydberg excitation. This provides a substantial reduction in the quantum gate operation time compared with previously proposed double adiabatic schemes, and makes our scheme competitive with modern time-optimal protocols for high-fidelity entangling gates with neutral atoms. Our approach creates a bridge between fully adiabatic and time-optimal gate schemes. The use of adiabatic passage reduces the sensitivity of gate fidelity to variations in laser intensity, while counterdiabatic driving provides short gate times. The intensity and phase profiles of the laser pulse acting on the atoms are described analytically depending only on the gate duration. We demonstrated the applicability of this scheme for single-photon and two-photon schemes of Rydberg excitation in rubidium and cesium atoms, and, for the first time, discussed the implementation of a CZ gate using three-photon excitation of rubidium atoms. In contrast with many modern CZ gate protocols, our scheme does not generate intrinsic single-qubit phase shifts, although they still appear in two-photon configuration. We also designed a numerically optimized amplitude-robust gate with an analytically defined phase profile of the laser pulse and compared its performance with the counterdiabatic gate scheme.

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/f2e29369-9d7f-3bf9-ac43-3017f1d5eb73/

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105052340736

UR - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=90891449

U2 - 10.1103/G6SW-W48T

DO - 10.1103/G6SW-W48T

M3 - Article

VL - 113

JO - Physical Review A

JF - Physical Review A

SN - 2469-9926

IS - 4

M1 - 042614

ER -