TY - JOUR

T1 - Sources of the eruption of Kambalny volcano (Southern Kamchatka) in March 2017 inferred from local earthquake tomography

AU - Komzeleva, Viktoria

AU - Koulakov, Ivan

AU - Rychagov, Sergey Nikolaevich

AU - Gordeev, Evgeny Ilych

AU - Abkadyrov, Ilyas

AU - Stupina, Tatiana

AU - Novgorodova, Angelika

N1 - Funding Information: This study is supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant #21-17-00049. We are very grateful to Luca de Siena and to an anonymous expert for very constructive reviews, which helped us to improve the paper. Derived products from this publication, including arrival times of P and S waves and the full folder of the LOTOS code that allows reproducing all the results of this research are presented in the file repository: Koulakov Ivan, & Komzeleva Viktoria. (2021). LOTOS code for local earthquake tomography with the Kambalny volcano dataset [Data set]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4777402 Funding Information: This study is supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant #21-17-00049. We are very grateful to Luca de Siena and to an anonymous expert for very constructive reviews, which helped us to improve the paper. Derived products from this publication, including arrival times of P and S waves and the full folder of the LOTOS code that allows reproducing all the results of this research are presented in the file repository: Koulakov Ivan, & Komzeleva Viktoria. (2021). LOTOS code for local earthquake tomography with the Kambalny volcano dataset [Data set]. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4777402, Citation: Komzeleva V. I. Koulakov, S.N. Rychagov, E.I. Gordeev, I. Abkadyrov, T. Stupina, and A. Novgorodova (2021), Sources of the eruption of Kambalny volcano (Southern Kamchatka) in March 2017 inferred from local earthquake tomography, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (revision). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2021/12

Y1 - 2021/12

N2 - Kambalny is the southernmost volcano in the Kamchatka Peninsula. After a long repose stage, on March 24, 2017, it produced a strong phreatic eruption, which ejected an ash cloud to the distance of up to 1000 km. In summer 2018, we deployed ten seismic stations in the vicinity of Kambalny for one year. Data from this network and the only permanent station located at ~20 km from the volcano provided arrival times of P and S waves for this study. We used them to localize earthquakes and obtain the 3D distributions of velocities of the P (Vp) and S waves (Vs), also mapping the Vp/Vs ratio down to a depth of ~10 km. We identify an anomaly of high Vp/Vs ratio in the depth interval of 7–10 km, and interpret it as a magma reservoir responsible for Holocene activity of Kambalny. This reservoir appears to be connected with the volcano edifice by a linear zone of high Vp/Vs ratio, which may represent a system of fractures originated during the eruption in March 2017 and served as a pathway for magma ascent. We propose that the interaction of hot magma with meteoric fluids in shallow layers caused active boiling and steam formation in a closed reservoir below the volcano. After exceeding a critical pressure, the steam escaped to the surface causing an explosive eruption. We also found evidence that geothermal fields located to the north and northwest of Kambalny might be fed from separate deep sources.

AB - Kambalny is the southernmost volcano in the Kamchatka Peninsula. After a long repose stage, on March 24, 2017, it produced a strong phreatic eruption, which ejected an ash cloud to the distance of up to 1000 km. In summer 2018, we deployed ten seismic stations in the vicinity of Kambalny for one year. Data from this network and the only permanent station located at ~20 km from the volcano provided arrival times of P and S waves for this study. We used them to localize earthquakes and obtain the 3D distributions of velocities of the P (Vp) and S waves (Vs), also mapping the Vp/Vs ratio down to a depth of ~10 km. We identify an anomaly of high Vp/Vs ratio in the depth interval of 7–10 km, and interpret it as a magma reservoir responsible for Holocene activity of Kambalny. This reservoir appears to be connected with the volcano edifice by a linear zone of high Vp/Vs ratio, which may represent a system of fractures originated during the eruption in March 2017 and served as a pathway for magma ascent. We propose that the interaction of hot magma with meteoric fluids in shallow layers caused active boiling and steam formation in a closed reservoir below the volcano. After exceeding a critical pressure, the steam escaped to the surface causing an explosive eruption. We also found evidence that geothermal fields located to the north and northwest of Kambalny might be fed from separate deep sources.

KW - Geothermal activity

KW - Kambalny volcano

KW - Kamchatka

KW - Local seismicity

KW - Magma reservoir

KW - Phreatic eruption

KW - Seismic tomography

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85115428661&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107392

DO - 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107392

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85115428661

VL - 420

JO - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

SN - 0377-0273

M1 - 107392

ER -