TY - JOUR

T1 - Shaping Optical Microresonators on the Surface of Optical Fibers With Negative Effective Radius Variations

AU - Krisanov, Dmitry

AU - Nesterok, Alexander

AU - Vatnik, Ilya

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Grant RFBR, 20-32-10170, and in part byMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation underGrant FSUS-2020-0034. Publisher Copyright: © 2009-2012 IEEE.

PY - 2021/12/1

Y1 - 2021/12/1

N2 - We examine moderate CO2 laser heating as a method of forming negative effective radius variations in conventional optical fiber. Fiber samples were subjected to focused CO2 laser radiation in the form of 100 ms pulses with power 0.36 to 1.3 W and thermalization time up to 2.2 s. Fiber temperatures reached 200 to 300 degrees Celsius in each pulse. The temper atures are significantly smaller than the glass transformation temperature, which is nearly 1500 °C. We show that short CO2 laser pulses may introduce negative variations up to 5 nm. The magnitude of the introduced variation increases roughly linearly for up to 6 pulses, and then fiber saturation is achieved. We reveal that it is possible to produce optical whispering gallery modes resonators in low-temperature heating mode and create a triangular-shape microresonator solely with the negative variations. The negative variations may also occur in peripheral areas of high-temperature heated fiber while introducing positive effective radius variations. To eliminate it, we propose low-temperature fiber annealing before high-temperature variations introducing. The negative variations may also be implemented to develop a new independent approach of shaping optical whispering gallery modes microresonators.

AB - We examine moderate CO2 laser heating as a method of forming negative effective radius variations in conventional optical fiber. Fiber samples were subjected to focused CO2 laser radiation in the form of 100 ms pulses with power 0.36 to 1.3 W and thermalization time up to 2.2 s. Fiber temperatures reached 200 to 300 degrees Celsius in each pulse. The temper atures are significantly smaller than the glass transformation temperature, which is nearly 1500 °C. We show that short CO2 laser pulses may introduce negative variations up to 5 nm. The magnitude of the introduced variation increases roughly linearly for up to 6 pulses, and then fiber saturation is achieved. We reveal that it is possible to produce optical whispering gallery modes resonators in low-temperature heating mode and create a triangular-shape microresonator solely with the negative variations. The negative variations may also occur in peripheral areas of high-temperature heated fiber while introducing positive effective radius variations. To eliminate it, we propose low-temperature fiber annealing before high-temperature variations introducing. The negative variations may also be implemented to develop a new independent approach of shaping optical whispering gallery modes microresonators.

KW - Fiber lasers

KW - Heating systems

KW - Laser modes

KW - Microcavities

KW - Nanophotonics

KW - Optical fiber devices

KW - optical fibers

KW - Optical fibers

KW - optical resonators

KW - Power lasers

KW - whispering gallery modes

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118243356&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/JPHOT.2021.3121039

DO - 10.1109/JPHOT.2021.3121039

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85118243356

VL - 13

JO - IEEE Photonics Journal

JF - IEEE Photonics Journal

SN - 1943-0655

IS - 6

ER -