TY - JOUR

T1 - Lipin Family Proteins: Structure, Functions, and Related Diseases

AU - Saydakova, S. S.

AU - Morozova, K. N.

AU - Kiseleva, E. V.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by grant no. 2019-0546 from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (FSUS-2020-0040) and publicly funded project no. 0259-2021-0011 of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

PY - 2021/7

Y1 - 2021/7

N2 - Lipins are enzymes that participate in the phospholipid biosynthesis pathway (Kennedy pathway) by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol. In addition, lipins can rapidly relocate within the cell and can be transported into the nucleus to serve as coactivators of gene expression. This dual function explains the strong interest in the study of these proteins. Diseases involving adipose aberrations, such as lipodystrophy and obesity, are two possible consequences of lipid metabolic dysfunction. Both lipodystrophy and obesity contribute to insulin resistance, hypertension, dysglycemia, and premature atherosclerosis. Because lipins are key regulators of lipid metabolism, it is of interest to investigate their impact on human health. The purpose of this review is to give readers a general idea regarding the structure, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of various lipin orthologs and isoforms in the tissues of eukaryotic organisms and to discuss recent advances in the understanding of lipins. A separate section is devoted to human diseases caused by an excess or deficiency of a lipin.

AB - Lipins are enzymes that participate in the phospholipid biosynthesis pathway (Kennedy pathway) by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol. In addition, lipins can rapidly relocate within the cell and can be transported into the nucleus to serve as coactivators of gene expression. This dual function explains the strong interest in the study of these proteins. Diseases involving adipose aberrations, such as lipodystrophy and obesity, are two possible consequences of lipid metabolic dysfunction. Both lipodystrophy and obesity contribute to insulin resistance, hypertension, dysglycemia, and premature atherosclerosis. Because lipins are key regulators of lipid metabolism, it is of interest to investigate their impact on human health. The purpose of this review is to give readers a general idea regarding the structure, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of various lipin orthologs and isoforms in the tissues of eukaryotic organisms and to discuss recent advances in the understanding of lipins. A separate section is devoted to human diseases caused by an excess or deficiency of a lipin.

KW - fld mice

KW - lipid

KW - lipin

KW - lipodystrophy

KW - phosphatidate phosphatase

KW - transcriptional cofactor

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112013835&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=46980426

U2 - 10.1134/S1990519X21040076

DO - 10.1134/S1990519X21040076

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85112013835

VL - 15

SP - 317

EP - 325

JO - Cell and Tissue Biology

JF - Cell and Tissue Biology

SN - 1990-519X

IS - 4

ER -