TY - JOUR

T1 - Influence of early dark matter haloes on the primordial black holes merger rate

AU - Stasenko, Viktor

AU - Belotsky, Konstantin

N1 - The authors are grateful for useful discussions by Yu.N. Eroshenko and S.G. Rubin. The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (RSF) grant number 23-42-00066, https://rscf.ru/project/23-42-00066/ .

PY - 2023/12/1

Y1 - 2023/12/1

N2 - Primordial black hole (PBH) binaries forming in the early Universe may contribute to the merger events observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaborations. Moreover, the inferred merger rate constraints the fraction of PBH with masses in the dark matter (DM) to fPBH ≤ 10-3. This constraint assumes that after the formation of PBH binaries, they do not get destroyed or their parameters are not perturbed until the merger. However, PBHs themselves contribute to the formation of early DM structures in which the interactions between PBHs take place actively. This leads to the fact that the binaries can be perturbed in such a way that their lifetime becomes longer than the Hubble time tH. In this work, we consider the effect of the initial spatial Poisson distribution of PBHs on the structure formation at the high redshifts z 10. Next, we explore the evolution of such haloes due to the interaction of PBHs with each other and with DM particles. We show that the early haloes evolve on time-scales much shorter than the age of the Universe. Furthermore, for fractions of PBHs fPBH < 1, the internal dynamics of a halo is significantly accelerated due to the dynamical friction of PBHs against DM particles. As a result, a significant fraction of binaries will be perturbed in such structures, and the gravitational waves constraints on PBHs with masses can be weakened to fPBH ∼0.1.

AB - Primordial black hole (PBH) binaries forming in the early Universe may contribute to the merger events observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaborations. Moreover, the inferred merger rate constraints the fraction of PBH with masses in the dark matter (DM) to fPBH ≤ 10-3. This constraint assumes that after the formation of PBH binaries, they do not get destroyed or their parameters are not perturbed until the merger. However, PBHs themselves contribute to the formation of early DM structures in which the interactions between PBHs take place actively. This leads to the fact that the binaries can be perturbed in such a way that their lifetime becomes longer than the Hubble time tH. In this work, we consider the effect of the initial spatial Poisson distribution of PBHs on the structure formation at the high redshifts z 10. Next, we explore the evolution of such haloes due to the interaction of PBHs with each other and with DM particles. We show that the early haloes evolve on time-scales much shorter than the age of the Universe. Furthermore, for fractions of PBHs fPBH < 1, the internal dynamics of a halo is significantly accelerated due to the dynamical friction of PBHs against DM particles. As a result, a significant fraction of binaries will be perturbed in such structures, and the gravitational waves constraints on PBHs with masses can be weakened to fPBH ∼0.1.

KW - black hole mergers

KW - dark matter

KW - gravitational waves

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85175630471&origin=inward&txGid=b759cdff2d637f5a29a423011ca26124

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/72f571a5-e777-36b9-8be0-af5c866639da/

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad3032

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad3032

M3 - Article

VL - 526

SP - 4308

EP - 4314

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

SN - 0035-8711

IS - 3

ER -