TY - JOUR

T1 - Effectiveness of auditory closed-loop stimulation during sleep on depression

AU - Danilenko, K.

AU - Kobelev, E.

AU - Yarosh, S. V.

AU - Khazankin, G. R.

AU - Aftanas, L. I.

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Background: A previous study of audio stimuli during sleep in depression found that decreased slow-wave sleep correlated with depression improvement the next morning [1]. This is a somewhat paradoxical result, since poor sleep in depression is characterised by attenuated EEG delta-wave power density, especially at the beginning of the night [2]. Therefore, the goal of the stimulation may be not deprivation but rather improvement of slow-wave sleep. Method(s): Patients with melancholic depression (DSM-5) underwent three polysomnographic trials - one adaptation and two experimental ("active" and "placebo", counter-balanced) - interspaced by 1-2 nights. EEG electrodes were positioned at Fz-Cz (bipolar derivation). Auditory (pink noise) paired (with interval of 1 sec) 50-msec signals were automatically presented via miniaturised headphones. The stimuli onset was anchored to the moment when the program detected a decline of EEG waves below an amplitude threshold characteristic for slow-wave sleep, with the elapsed time 0.5 sec to fall at peak to increase amplitude of brain electrical oscillations (closed-loop in-phase stimulation as per [3]). For the "placebo" night, the elapsed time for the stimuli varied randomly from 0 to 1 sec. The amplitude threshold and stimuli intensity were chosen individually during the adaptation night to not cause movements or awakenings. The 30-sec epochs with stimuli were preceded and followed by 30-sec epochs without stimulation, and these 1.5-min cycles were presented throughout the night. EEG power density in these 30-sec epochs was calculated for every 0.5-Hz band in the frequency range 0.5-30 Hz and log-transformed. Artefact-free cycles of sleep N2 and N3 stages were analysed. The number of cycles taken in the analysis was such that the cycles with in-phase and non-in-phase stimuli were matched by number of stimuli presented. Patients scored their depression and sleep quality by the abbreviated Hamilton scale HDRS-7-SR (before and after sleep) and by the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ, in the morning), respectively. Result(s): Eight subjects completed the study, seven of them (5 males, 2 females; age 21-68 y) were included in the analysis. The amplitude threshold for the stimuli presentation varied inter-individually from 56 to 60 mV, stimuli intensity - from 43 to 46 dB. The number of paired stimuli per EEG cycle ranged from 3 to 8; the number of cycles selected for the analysis from 38 to 106. Compared to the pre- and post-stimuli epochs, acoustic stimuli significantly increased EEG power density in the frequency bands 0.5-2.5 Hz (delta waves), 16-25 Hz and decreased at 12.5-14.5 Hz. However, there was no difference in this effect between in-phase and non-in-phase stimulation. Greater overnight power density was associated with the greater decrease of HDRS-7-SR score (N=14, p

AB - Background: A previous study of audio stimuli during sleep in depression found that decreased slow-wave sleep correlated with depression improvement the next morning [1]. This is a somewhat paradoxical result, since poor sleep in depression is characterised by attenuated EEG delta-wave power density, especially at the beginning of the night [2]. Therefore, the goal of the stimulation may be not deprivation but rather improvement of slow-wave sleep. Method(s): Patients with melancholic depression (DSM-5) underwent three polysomnographic trials - one adaptation and two experimental ("active" and "placebo", counter-balanced) - interspaced by 1-2 nights. EEG electrodes were positioned at Fz-Cz (bipolar derivation). Auditory (pink noise) paired (with interval of 1 sec) 50-msec signals were automatically presented via miniaturised headphones. The stimuli onset was anchored to the moment when the program detected a decline of EEG waves below an amplitude threshold characteristic for slow-wave sleep, with the elapsed time 0.5 sec to fall at peak to increase amplitude of brain electrical oscillations (closed-loop in-phase stimulation as per [3]). For the "placebo" night, the elapsed time for the stimuli varied randomly from 0 to 1 sec. The amplitude threshold and stimuli intensity were chosen individually during the adaptation night to not cause movements or awakenings. The 30-sec epochs with stimuli were preceded and followed by 30-sec epochs without stimulation, and these 1.5-min cycles were presented throughout the night. EEG power density in these 30-sec epochs was calculated for every 0.5-Hz band in the frequency range 0.5-30 Hz and log-transformed. Artefact-free cycles of sleep N2 and N3 stages were analysed. The number of cycles taken in the analysis was such that the cycles with in-phase and non-in-phase stimuli were matched by number of stimuli presented. Patients scored their depression and sleep quality by the abbreviated Hamilton scale HDRS-7-SR (before and after sleep) and by the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ, in the morning), respectively. Result(s): Eight subjects completed the study, seven of them (5 males, 2 females; age 21-68 y) were included in the analysis. The amplitude threshold for the stimuli presentation varied inter-individually from 56 to 60 mV, stimuli intensity - from 43 to 46 dB. The number of paired stimuli per EEG cycle ranged from 3 to 8; the number of cycles selected for the analysis from 38 to 106. Compared to the pre- and post-stimuli epochs, acoustic stimuli significantly increased EEG power density in the frequency bands 0.5-2.5 Hz (delta waves), 16-25 Hz and decreased at 12.5-14.5 Hz. However, there was no difference in this effect between in-phase and non-in-phase stimulation. Greater overnight power density was associated with the greater decrease of HDRS-7-SR score (N=14, p

UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/6c4c889a-f729-3f2d-b39e-9f8de72102cf/

U2 - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.1048

DO - 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.11.1048

M3 - Meeting Abstract

VL - 29

SP - S69-S70

JO - European Neuropsychopharmacology

JF - European Neuropsychopharmacology

SN - 0924-977X

T2 - 31st Congress of the European-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP)

Y2 - 6 October 2018 through 9 October 2018

ER -