TY - JOUR

T1 - Composite laser-pulses spectroscopy for high-accuracy optical clocks

T2 - A review of recent progress and perspectives

AU - Zanon-Willette, Thomas

AU - Lefevre, Rémi

AU - Metzdorff, Rémi

AU - Sillitoe, Nicolas

AU - Almonacil, Sylvain

AU - Minissale, Marco

AU - De Clercq, Emeric

AU - Taichenachev, Alexey V.

AU - Yudin, Valeriy I.

AU - Arimondo, Ennio

PY - 2018/8/1

Y1 - 2018/8/1

N2 - Probing an atomic resonance without disturbing it is an ubiquitous issue in physics. This problem is critical in high-accuracy spectroscopy or for the next generation of atomic optical clocks. Ultra-high resolution frequency metrology requires sophisticated interrogation schemes and robust protocols handling pulse length errors and residual frequency detuning offsets. This review reports recent progress and perspective in such schemes, using sequences of composite laser-pulses tailored in pulse duration, frequency and phase, inspired by NMR techniques and quantum information processing. After a short presentation of Rabi technique and NMR-like composite pulses allowing efficient compensation of electromagnetic field perturbations to achieve robust population transfers, composite laser-pulses are investigated within Ramsey's method of separated oscillating fields in order to generate non-linear compensation of probe-induced frequency shifts. Laser-pulses protocols such as hyper-Ramsey, modified hyper-Ramsey, generalized hyper-Ramsey and hybrid schemes as auto-balanced Ramsey spectroscopy are reviewed. These techniques provide excellent protection against both probe induced light-shift perturbations and laser intensity variations. More sophisticated schemes generating synthetic frequency-shifts are presented. They allow to reduce or completely eliminate imperfect correction of probe-induced frequency-shifts even in presence of decoherence due to the laser line-width. Finally, two universal protocols are presented which provide complete elimination of probe-induced frequency shifts in the general case where both decoherence and relaxation dissipation effects are present by using exact analytic expressions for phase-shifts and the clock frequency detuning. These techniques might be applied to atomic, molecular and nuclear frequency metrology, Ramsey-type mass spectrometry as well as precision spectroscopy.

AB - Probing an atomic resonance without disturbing it is an ubiquitous issue in physics. This problem is critical in high-accuracy spectroscopy or for the next generation of atomic optical clocks. Ultra-high resolution frequency metrology requires sophisticated interrogation schemes and robust protocols handling pulse length errors and residual frequency detuning offsets. This review reports recent progress and perspective in such schemes, using sequences of composite laser-pulses tailored in pulse duration, frequency and phase, inspired by NMR techniques and quantum information processing. After a short presentation of Rabi technique and NMR-like composite pulses allowing efficient compensation of electromagnetic field perturbations to achieve robust population transfers, composite laser-pulses are investigated within Ramsey's method of separated oscillating fields in order to generate non-linear compensation of probe-induced frequency shifts. Laser-pulses protocols such as hyper-Ramsey, modified hyper-Ramsey, generalized hyper-Ramsey and hybrid schemes as auto-balanced Ramsey spectroscopy are reviewed. These techniques provide excellent protection against both probe induced light-shift perturbations and laser intensity variations. More sophisticated schemes generating synthetic frequency-shifts are presented. They allow to reduce or completely eliminate imperfect correction of probe-induced frequency-shifts even in presence of decoherence due to the laser line-width. Finally, two universal protocols are presented which provide complete elimination of probe-induced frequency shifts in the general case where both decoherence and relaxation dissipation effects are present by using exact analytic expressions for phase-shifts and the clock frequency detuning. These techniques might be applied to atomic, molecular and nuclear frequency metrology, Ramsey-type mass spectrometry as well as precision spectroscopy.

KW - atomic clock

KW - composite pulse

KW - frequency standard

KW - laser spectroscopy

KW - LATTICE CLOCKS

KW - ULTRACOLD ATOMS

KW - SEQUENCES

KW - COMPENSATION

KW - STABILIZATION

KW - NMR POPULATION-INVERSION

KW - FREQUENCY-SHIFTS

KW - RAMSEY SPECTROSCOPY

KW - METROLOGY

KW - RESONANCE

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85052383931&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6633/aac9e9

DO - 10.1088/1361-6633/aac9e9

M3 - Article

C2 - 29862989

VL - 81

JO - Reports on Progress in Physics

JF - Reports on Progress in Physics

SN - 0034-4885

IS - 9

M1 - 094401

ER -